Slim,
I did some reading on the concepts that you mention and moved me from ignorance to a state of confusion. Possibly my argument, if I had any, is that philosophy in recent times will almost have a null effect in the methods we use to discover and learn, as well as in our ethics and our moral and political philosophy. Roughly, starting with Descartes and Francis Bacon, and ending with the existentialists, the lion's share of philosophical thought that shaped modern western society was done. Anything after this period is so abstract that I hardly believe it will ever be settled in the near future. I am just an average man who finds some of the latest philosophical schools impenetrable or impractical.